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新冠病毒疫情防控相關詞匯英語翻譯2020.02.09
新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情發生以來，國家高度重視。中國外文局中國翻譯研究院翻譯審定工作機制及時響應，按疫病名稱，傳染防控，政策舉措，機構、職業群體和場所名稱，病理癥狀，器具名稱，其他醫學名詞等七個類別，搜集梳理、翻譯審定了180條新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情相關詞匯英文表達，供業界及相關人員參考使用。
一、疫病名稱
1.冠狀病毒 coronavirus 2.2019新型冠狀病毒 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) 3.肺炎 pneumonia 4.病毒性肺炎 viral pneumonia 5.不明原因肺炎 pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause 6.嚴重急性呼吸綜合征（非典） severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 7.嚴重急性呼吸道感染 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) 8.急性呼吸窘迫綜合征 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 9.中東呼吸綜合征 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) 10.呼吸道疾病（呼吸系統疾病） respiratory diseases
二、傳染防控
其實，每個人都有一顆初心的種子，都應當尋找初心、牢記初心、保持初心，為實現自己的小目標努力奮斗，為實現中國夢添磚加瓦。
2、道路千萬條，安全第一條On countless roads ahead, safety comes first.
11.國際關注的突發公共衛生事件 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) 12.乙類傳染病 Category B infectious diseases 13.人傳人 person-to-person/human-to-human transmission 14.行走的傳染源 mobile source of infection 15.潛伏期 incubation/latent period 16.無癥狀的潛伏期 silent/asymptomatic incubation period 17.特定傳染病 specific infectious disease 18.病毒攜帶者 virus carrier 19.無癥狀攜帶者 asymptomatic carrier 20.超級傳播者 super spreader 21.飛沫傳播 droplet transmission 22.接觸傳播 contact transmission 23.病毒的蔓延 spread of a virus 24.隱性感染 covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection 25.外源性感染 exogenous infection 26.密切接觸者 close contact 27.接觸者追蹤 contact tracing 28.傳染途徑 route of transmission 29.傳播方式 mode of transmission 30.宿主 host 31.易感人群 susceptible/vulnerable population 32.醫院/院內感染 nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection 33.職業暴露 occupational exposure 34.確診病例 confirmed case 35.疑似病例 suspected case 36.散在病例 sporadic case 37.輸入性病例 imported case 38.二代病例 second-generation case 39.傳染性 transmissibility; infectivity 40.致病性 pathogenicity 41.疫情 epidemic; outbreak 42.疫區 affected area 43.發病 morbidity 44.發熱病人 patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients 45.重癥 severe case 46.發病率 incidence rate 47.死亡率 mortality rate 48.病死率（致死率） fatality/mortality/death rate 49.治愈率 recovery rate 50.疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control 51.監測體溫 to monitor body temperature 52.體溫檢測 to check body temperature 53.早發現、早隔離 early detection and early isolation 54.隔離治療 to receive treatment in isolation 55.自我隔離 to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine 56.臨床數據 clinical data 57.核酸檢測 nucleic acid testing (NAT) 58.血清診斷 serodiagnosis 59.自覺接受醫學觀察 to present yourself to medical observation 60.解除醫學觀察 to be discharged from medical observation 61.診斷、治療、追蹤和篩查 diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening 62.預防措施 preventive measure 63.疫苗 vaccine 64.戴口罩 to wear a mask 65.勤洗手/仔細洗手 to wash your hands often/carefully 66.消毒 disinfection 67.避免去人多的地方 avoid crowds 68.健康篩查 health screening 69.旅行限制 travel restrictions 70.健康申報表 health declaration form 71.海鮮市場 seafood market 72.活體農貿市場 live animal market 73.濕貨市場 wet market 74.野味 bushmeat; game 75.果子貍 masked palm civet 76.蝙蝠 bat 77.竹鼠 bamboo rat 78.獾 badger
三、政策舉措
79.突發公共衛生事件 public health emergency 80.啟動重大突發公共衛生事件一級響應 to activate first-level public health emergency response 81.掌握情況，不漏一人 to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked 82.遏制疫情蔓延 to contain the outbreak 83.封城 A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown. 84.延遲開學 to postpone the reopening of schools 85.延長春節假期 to extend the Chinese New Year holiday 86.（公共場所）消毒、通風以及體溫檢測 disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas) 87.應急醫院 makeshift hospital 88.火神山醫院 Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan) 89.雷神山醫院 Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan) 90.暫停海外團隊旅行 to suspend overseas group tours 91.關閉景點 to close scenic spots 92.取消大型集會 to cancel mass gatherings 93.減少外出 to make fewer trips outside 94.控制人口流動 to curb population flow 95.兩周觀察期 two-week observation period 96.停運長途汽車 to halt long-distance buses 97.調減市內公交to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city 98.特殊報銷政策 special reimbursement rules 99.緊平衡 in tight balance 100.醫療物資緊缺 shortage of medical supplies 101.日常基本生活物資 daily necessities 102.跨境采購 cross-border procurement 103.囤積食物 to stock up on food 104.捂貨惜售 hoarding 105.瞞報 to underreport 106.哄抬價格 price gouging 107.頂格處罰 the maximum penalty
四、機構、職業群體和場所名稱
108.世衛組織 World Health Organization (WHO) 109.中央應對新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎疫情工作領導小組（中央應對疫情工作領導小組） Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control 110.國家衛生健康委員會（國家衛健委） National Health Commission (NHS) 111.中國疾病預防控制中心（中國疾控中心） Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) 112.國家醫療保障局（國家醫保局） National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA) 113.醫療機構 medical institution 114.衛生機構 health institution 115.醫療從業者 medical practitioner; healthcare professional 116.醫療人員 medical personnel; health workforce; health workers 117.一線醫護人員 frontline health workers 118.鐘南山 Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS) 119.定點醫院 designated hospitals 120.發熱門診 fever clinic 121.重癥監護病房 intensive care unit (ICU) 122.檢疫所 quarantine office 123.藥店 pharmacy; drugstore
五、病理癥狀
124.病理 pathology 125.病原體 pathogen 126.病毒變異 virus variation 127.病毒突變 virus mutation 128.臨床表現 clinical picture 129.上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) 130.低氧血癥 hypoxemia; low blood oxygen 131.纖維化 fibrosis 132.肺膿腫 lung abscess 133.雙肺浸潤性病灶 infiltration in both lungs 134.發熱 fever 135.乏力 fatigue 136.干咳 dry cough 137.頭疼 headache 138.胸悶 chest distress; chest oppression 139.心慌 palpitations 140.惡心想吐 nausea 141.腹瀉 diarrhea 142.呼吸困難 dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties 143.呼吸急促（氣促） shortness of breath; panting 144.感染性休克 septic shock
六、器具名稱
145.紅外體溫測量儀 infrared thermometer 146.體溫檢測熱像儀 thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring 147.診斷器具 diagnostic tool/kit 148.消毒液 disinfectant; antiseptic solution 149.消毒濕巾 disinfectant/antiseptic wipes 150.含酒精洗手液 alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer 151.口罩 facemask; mask 152.N95口罩 N95 mask/respirator 153.醫用外科口罩 surgical mask 154.防護服 protective suit 155.護目鏡 goggles 156.一次性手套 disposable gloves 157.負壓救護車 negative pressure ambulance
七、其他醫學名詞
158.國際衛生條例 International Health Regulations (IHR) 159.流行病學 epidemiology 160.流行病學調查（流調） epidemiological investigation 161.呼吸器官 respiratory organs 162.呼吸道 respiratory tract 163.消化系統 digestive system 164.神經系統 nervous system 165.腎功能 renal function 166.流感 influenza; flu 167.結膜炎 conjunctivitis; pink eye 168.宿疾、慢性病 chronic ailment; chronic disease 169.高血壓 hypertension; high blood pressure 170.糖尿病 diabetes; diabetes mellitus 171.心血管病 cardiovascular disease 172.基因序列 genetic sequence 173.基因結構 genetic structure 174.試劑 reagent 175.診斷 diagnosis 176.檢測樣本 test sample 177.醫學觀察 medical watch; medical observation 178.病毒分離 virus isolation 179.抗病毒藥 antiviral drug 180.退燒藥 febrifuge; antipyretic
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